Classification of drones

There are many types of rc drones, which can be divided into two categories: military and civilian. With the rapid development of UAV technology, UAV systems have formed a wide variety, wide range of uses, and distinctive classification characteristics, resulting in their size, quality, range, flight time, flight altitude, flight speed, performance and characteristics and There are big differences in tasks and many other aspects. Generally, UAVs can be classified according to their purpose, flight platform structure, size, flight performance, endurance time and other methods. Generally speaking, UAVs can be divided into two categories: military UAVs and civilian UAVs. Civilian UAVs are generally divided into consumer UAVs and industrial UAVs. Military rc drones have high requirements for endurance, cruising speed, flight altitude, operating range, task load, etc.; Consumer rc drones are mainly used for aerial photography and entertainment, focusing on shooting functions and operability; For industrial unmanned aerial vehicles,it pays attention to economic benefits, pursues the balance of cruising speed, endurance and other performances, and has high requirements for the professional application of UAVs. Industrial UAVs realize diversified functions by carrying different task loads, and are mainly used in surveying and mapping and geographic information,inspection, security monitoring, emergency and other fields.

According to the type of downstream users, civilian rc drones can be divided into two categories: consumer drones and industrial drones. Consumer-grade drones are mainly small rc drones, which meet the needs of ordinary consumers for aerial photography and entertainment, and are easy to operate; industrial-grade rc drones are mainly used to cooperate or replace manual tasks in various commercial fields. Carrying devices or equipment for the completion of operational flight activities. In the industrial field, rc drones have the advantages of relatively low cost, no risk of casualties, strong survivability, good maneuverability, and strong use convenience, so they have been widely used.

The aerodynamic layout of UAVs varies. UAVs are mainly divided into fixed-wing UAVs, multi-rotor UAVs, unmanned helicopters, and vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAVs. Different aerodynamic layout types of UAVs have great differences in flight principles, energy conversion efficiency, control difficulty, safety, and mission characteristics. Since vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAVs have the characteristics of convenient take off and landing, long flight time, etc., and have application advantages, the number of stocks in the industrial UAV market is gradually increasing, and the market share is gradually increasing. It has become the main layout of industrial UAVs one of the forms.

Drones can also be classified by size. According to the quality and size of UAVs, UAVs can be divided into several categories: micro UAVs, small UAVs, medium UAVs and large UAVs. UAVs can also be classified by flight performance. UAV systems can be classified from flight speed, range, service ceiling, and endurance time. In terms of flight speed, UAVs can be divided into low-speed UAVs, subsonic UAVs, transonic UAVs, supersonic UAVs and hypersonic UAVs. In terms of range (or activity radius), UAVs can be divided into ultra-short-range UAVs, short-range UAVs, short-range UAVs, medium-range UAVs and long-range UAVs. In terms of practical ceiling, UAVs can be divided into ultra-low-altitude UAVs, low-altitude UAVs, medium-altitude UAVs, high-altitude UAVs and ultra-high-altitude UAVs. According to the endurance time of rc drones, drones can be divided into long-endurance drones, medium-endurance drones and short-endurance drones.

The UAV system is a complex system engineering with a long industrial chain. The upstream of the UAV industry is UAV component manufacturers and subsystem developers; the midstream is UAV system integration and service providers, some of which can provide UAV flight services, flight training services, etc., in the industry chain Occupy a dominant position; the downstream is mainly divided into military and civilian applications, and civilian applications can be subdivided into industrial applications and consumer applications. UAV system integration and service providers purchase general components and UAV subsystems from upstream component manufacturers and subsystem developers, mainly including batteries, motors, engines, chips, flight control, sensors, image transmission systems, Structural parts, aerial cameras, etc. The upstream of the UAV industry chain is in the process of gradually developing and maturing. At present, most of them can be independently controlled. The high-precision and lightweight sensors in the civilian field are still mainly produced by large manufacturers. The number of suppliers of high-efficiency, high-power motors is also relatively small. The middle reaches of the industry are system integrators. At present, UAV complete machine companies generally provide after-sales, training and leasing services.